Steel Grades, Standards & Norms

Grade equivalents

Approximate equivalents for guidance only — chemical and mechanical properties differ between standards; always check the standard and the mill certificate.

Carbon & structural steel

Europe EN	USA ASTM	Japan JIS	China GB	Russia GOST	Typical use
S235JR	A36 (closest)	SS400	Q235B	St3sp	General structural
S275JR	A529 Gr.42 / A36	SS400	Q275	St4sp	Structural sections
S355J2	A572 Gr.50	SM490A	Q355D	09G2S	High-strength structural
P265GH	A516 Gr.60	SPV235	Q245R	20K	Pressure vessels
P355GH	A516 Gr.70	SPV355	Q345R	16GS	Pressure vessels
DC01	A1008 CS	SPCC	DC01	08kp	Cold rolled sheet
DX51D+Z	A653 CS	SGCC	DX51D	—	Galvanised sheet
B500B (EN 10080 / BS 4449)	A615 Gr.75 (closest)	SD490	HRB500	A500C	Rebar

Stainless steel

AISI / ASTM	EN number	EN name	JIS	China GB	Russia GOST
304	1.4301	X5CrNi18-10	SUS304	06Cr19Ni10	08Kh18N10
304L	1.4307	X2CrNi18-9	SUS304L	022Cr19Ni10	03Kh18N11
316	1.4401	X5CrNiMo17-12-2	SUS316	06Cr17Ni12Mo2	—
316L	1.4404	X2CrNiMo17-12-2	SUS316L	022Cr17Ni12Mo2	03Kh17N14M2
321	1.4541	X6CrNiTi18-10	SUS321	06Cr18Ni11Ti	08Kh18N10T
310S	1.4845	X8CrNi25-21	SUS310S	06Cr25Ni20	20Kh23N18
430	1.4016	X6Cr17	SUS430	10Cr17	12Kh17
201	1.4372	X12CrMnNiN17-7-5	SUS201	12Cr17Mn6Ni5N	—
2205 (duplex)	1.4462	X2CrNiMoN22-5-3	SUS329J3L	022Cr23Ni5Mo3N	—

— means there is no close equivalent in that system, or none we would vouch for.

How to read a steel grade name

S355J2

EN 10025

S: structural steel
355: minimum yield strength, 355 MPa
J2: impact tested: 27 J at −20 °C

ASTM A572 Gr.50

ASTM

A572: the specification number
Gr.50: grade: minimum yield 50 ksi ≈ 345 MPa

Q355B

GB (China)

Q: yield strength (qu fu dian)
355: minimum yield, 355 MPa
B: quality grade — impact tested at +20 °C

1.4301

EN material number

1.: steel
4xxx: the 1.4 group is stainless
1.4301: the same steel as X5CrNi18-10, AISI 304

B500B

Rebar (EN 10080 / BS 4449)

B: reinforcing steel
500: characteristic yield strength, 500 MPa
B: ductility class B

Standards by product

Product	Common standards
Rebar	BS 4449, EN 10080, ASTM A615 / A706, GSO / SASO rebar standards, JIS G3112
Structural sections & beams	EN 10025, EN 10365 (dimensions), ASTM A36 / A992, JIS G3101 / G3192
Plates	EN 10025, EN 10028 (pressure), ASTM A36 / A516 / A572, JIS G3101 / G3106
Hot rolled coil & sheet	EN 10111, EN 10025, ASTM A1011, JIS G3131
Cold rolled coil & sheet	EN 10130, ASTM A1008, JIS G3141
Galvanised & coated	EN 10346, ASTM A653 / A792, JIS G3302
Line pipe	API 5L / ISO 3183
Pipes & tubes	ASTM A53 / A106, EN 10210 / 10219 (hollow sections), EN 10216 / 10217, API 5CT (OCTG)
Stainless flat & long	ASTM A240 / A276, EN 10088
Wire rod & wire	EN ISO 16120, ASTM A510
Steel for construction (design)	Eurocode 3 (EN 1993), AISC 360

Sizes, standards and grades product by product — rebar, beams, pipes, coils and more — are on Product info.

Mill test certificates (EN 10204)

EN 10204 sets four kinds of inspection document: 2.1 (declaration of compliance, no results), 2.2 (test report from the mill's routine testing), 3.1 (results of tests on the delivered product, signed by the mill's independent inspector) and 3.2 (as 3.1, also signed by the buyer's or a third-party inspector). Buyers usually ask for 3.1, and 3.2 for oil & gas and other critical work.

Mill test certificates in depth — what a 3.1 contains, how to check one against the standard, and the red flags.

Standards organisations

GCC & Middle East

GCCGSO (opens in a new tab)GCC Standardization Organization
UAEMoIAT (opens in a new tab)Ministry of Industry and Advanced Technology (formerly ESMA)
UAE (Abu Dhabi)ADQCC (opens in a new tab)Abu Dhabi Quality and Conformity Council
Saudi ArabiaSASO (opens in a new tab)Saudi Standards, Metrology and Quality Organization
KuwaitPAI (opens in a new tab)Public Authority for Industry
QatarMoCI (opens in a new tab)Ministry of Commerce and Industry — Qatari standards (QS)
OmanDGSM (opens in a new tab)Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Investment Promotion — Standards & Metrology
BahrainBSMD (opens in a new tab)Ministry of Industry and Commerce — Standards & Metrology
EgyptEOS (opens in a new tab)Egyptian Organization for Standardization and Quality
JordanJSMO (opens in a new tab)Jordan Standards and Metrology Organization
IraqCOSQC (opens in a new tab)Central Organization for Standardization and Quality Control
IranINSO (opens in a new tab)Iranian National Standards Organization (formerly ISIRI)
PakistanPSQCA (opens in a new tab)Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority
AlgeriaIANOR (opens in a new tab)Algerian Institute of Standardization
TunisiaINNORPI (opens in a new tab)National Institute of Standardization and Industrial Property
Arab regionAIDSMO (opens in a new tab)Arab Industrial Development, Standardization and Mining Organization

International & regional

InternationalISO (opens in a new tab)International Organization for Standardization
EuropeCEN-CENELEC (opens in a new tab)European standards (EN)
AfricaARSO (opens in a new tab)African Organisation for Standardisation
South-East AsiaASEAN ACCSQ (opens in a new tab)ASEAN Consultative Committee for Standards and Quality

Europe

United KingdomBSI (opens in a new tab)British Standards Institution
GermanyDIN (opens in a new tab)German Institute for Standardization
FranceAFNOR (opens in a new tab)French Standardization Association
ItalyUNI (opens in a new tab)Italian Standardization Body
SpainUNE (opens in a new tab)Spanish Association for Standardization (formerly AENOR standards)